Osteoporosis is a bone disease characterized by decrease in bone density and strength, making bones more fragile and susceptible to fractures. This condition often develops slowly over several years. It is most commonly diagnosed when a minor fall or sudden impact results in a fracture, often in the hip, wrist, or spine.
The exact cause of osteoporosis can vary; it may be influenced by factors such as age, hormonal changes, particularly in postmenopausal women, insufficient calcium and vitamin D intake, a sedentary lifestyle, and certain medical conditions or medications. Osteoporosis is often called a "silent disease" because it can develop without any noticeable symptoms until a fracture occurs.
Lifestyle changes like incorporating weight-bearing exercises.
Ensuring proper and adequate intake of calcium and vitamin D.
Avoiding smoking and excessive alcohol consumption.
Medications may also be prescribed to strengthen bones and reduce the risk of fractures. Early diagnosis through bone density tests can help prevent fractures and manage the condition more effectively. While there is no cure for osteoporosis, proper management can significantly reduce the risk of fractures and improve quality of life.